Greetings audiophiles. Finally, I'm back home in Vancouver after my Asia trip. I love traveling but there always comes a time to look forward to "Home, sweet home." And music to listen to in my personal sound room of course!๐
In this post, let's talk about perhaps one of the most boring things you could buy - a sound absorption panel. Made all the more pedestrian because this one comes from IKEA. At a retail price of US$230 each for the smaller (but IMO adequate for my home audio) 27.5" x 61.75" x 3.125" panel, the IKEA MITTZON Floor Standing Acoustic Screen is inexpensive and easy to find. There is also the larger 35 3/8" x 61.75" model if you prefer for just a little more - US$250.
While this may look boring, I must admit that as I've experienced more and dare say, "matured" in this hobby, the most interesting upgrades do not have to be high-tech active gadgets, bear fancy brand names, or the stuff that seems to capture the latest hype.
No friends, always remember the most important components that contribute to sound quality! Digital technology in particular has reached levels of performance where diminishing returns are quite easily reached these days. Make sure to explore other "domains" and products in your search for high fidelity audio.
As you might be aware, in the last couple of months, I've been focusing more on the audio room. So it seemed natural to take some time now to examine my own space and see if there's something simple I can do to improve things further.
For awhile, I have been wanting to get more absorption into my room. The reverb time in my room - the "RT60" and related metrics - has been OK in that it's <0.5s (<500ms) across the audible spectrum, satisfying basic DIN 18041 tolerances for my size of "music room"; but could still be improved.
Already, I've been using absorption at the lateral 1st reflection points with GIK Acoustics FreeStand panels which made a significant difference. Let's go forward one more step - let's make the front of the room (behind speakers) more "dead" by placing the GIK's up there, while using the Mittzons in the lateral 1st reflection points.
To start, let's look at these new panels. The 27.5" x 61.75" Mittzon stand-up panels each weigh around 35lbs which is quite dense due to the wood frame and fiberboard absorbent material. This is noticeably heavier than the GIK panels which are only about 11lbs each.
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| Some assembly required. Dark gray panel leaning against the wall. The lighter "Gunnared beige" cover on the floor goes over the panel like a sock that snaps into the bottom. |
Other than a screw-in metal base, the panel consists of 2 main pieces. A removable beige cover and the actual panel box. 2-persons recommended to put this together but it wasn't hard to do as a 1-person job with some patience.
Here's how it looks completed against my wall:
The brownish bits along the edges are the exposed wooden dowels that allow plastic snaps (included) to let you chain these panels together if you desire. The metal base is quite heavy and it's sturdy, metal edges slightly rounded. They've include some felt stickies to put at the bottom of the base to protect from scratching the floor.
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| Sticky hexagonal felt bits for the base, plastic attachments if you want to chain panels, and the usual IKEA Allen key. |
Okay, so I assembled a pair of these and they're now in my room. So what? ๐ค
If this is a product introduction article (like this) or subjective review, I suppose I can just tell you that the room treatments have "transformed" the sound in my room. Diana Krall now sounds like she's standing in the space singing from about 10 feet away with accompanying instruments even better defined in the sound stage. This has also significantly changed the perceived definition when I listen to multichannel recordings and can now even better pinpoint where those clocks are in the Atmos version of Pink Floyd's "Time".
Of course wrapping up with simple subjective impressions would be way too easy. Let's do it the harder, and IMO more meaningful way! As far as I am aware, all significantly audible changes can be measured with sensitive enough tools, so let's examine these measured changes in my room.
Let's do sweeps using REW under four conditions using my acoustic panels as shown here:
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| Test system, Paradigm Reference Signature S8v.3 L+R speakers, Paradigm SUB1 front subwoofer, SVS SB-2000 Pro rear subwoofer. Fanless i3-N305 miniPC, and Integra DRX-8.4 receiver. Measurements with door closed. I have a built-in wood/glass cabinet with CDs, BluRays, various storage on the right hence why I've been using these movable standing panels instead of fixed room treatments. |
Notice that I have the miniDSP UMIK-2 omni microphone placed at the main listening position (mid sofa, I've put a blue towel to reduce reflections from the leather sofa). For these measurements let's turn off the Dirac Live DSP room correction. I'll send a sweep to the L+R front stereo speakers concurrently so it sounds like a phantom channel at the main listening position; center, surround, height channels all off. With both front speakers active at the same time, that should excite a bit more of the room than a single speaker sweep.
What was the effect?
I. Time Domain
First, let's start in the time domain because absorption primarily reduces reflections and hence the duration of characteristics like reverberation in the room.
While I'll use the common term "RT60" here and there in this post, realize that this technical term is meant for large rooms with a uniform diffuse sound field. For us in small rooms, recall that we have to deal with the dreaded "Modal Zones" discussed previously and what's more appropriately called a "Quasi-Diffuse Zone". Nonetheless, we can still measure "reverberation time" as reflected in the "decay rate" of energy in our rooms and there are different metrics available. REW recommends using the Topt - a measure of the most reliable linear fit for the captured decay time. Here it is in my room without panels and with them in place at the various locations as shown in the pictures above.
Whether the GIK panels are at the side or up front behind the L+R speakers, we see a reduction of ~50ms compared to not having panels in the room. With both pairs of panels in play, there's >100ms reduction in maximum RT above 250Hz. My room's Topt is now measuring down to 360ms at the highest point from 490ms without panels.
Notice the other benefit is that the Topt curve is more even/balanced across the frequency range when the absorption panels are added. This more consistent decay across all frequencies means that we don't have "slow" muddy bass decay or exacerbation of "harsh" treble. Arguably, this homogeneity could be more important than just a target Topt number.
There are other ways we can look at time domain change. Here's the ETC (Energy-Time Curve):
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| 1ms smoothing applied to better see the average changes. |
With more panels, the rate of descent in total energy across 200ms becomes steeper without as much aggressive or isolated spikes (like that red peak ~10ms). By 100ms, there's about a 5dB spread between the ETC without panels and the combination of GIK + Mittzon.
II. Frequency Domain
Our ears are highly sensitive to frequencies as discussed previously. Since these sweeps correspond to steady-state frequency response, with the change in time domain performance, we should see at least a subtle effect due to changed interference patterns as the sounds are absorbed behind the front speakers and at the side reflections.
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| For ease of comparison, 1/6-octave smoothing applied. |
Yup. The frequency response has changed with both the GIK + Mittzon panels in the room but not to a huge amount as expected. As you can see, without thicker bass traps, these panels affect down to about 300Hz. At frequencies like the 360Hz low-midrange where I have the cursor, there can be up to 2dB change.
IKEA publishes results done with ISO 354 showing the absorption across frequencies - here it is for convenience:
Another interesting frequency correlation we can look at is "clarity"; one of them is the D50 or "Definition" metric which correlates to speech clarity. For us audiophiles, especially those who enjoy vocals, this correlates to improved lyrical intelligibility as well. The higher the value, the better for intelligibility:
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| Human vocal fundamentals range from about 80-1500Hz with harmonics up to ~10kHz. |
With the absorption panels, notice the improvements particularly from 400Hz to 6kHz. These are very important parts of the sonic spectrum stretching from low-mid to the "presence" region, covering the frequencies human ears are most sensitive to. Other clarity measures like C50, C80, etc. also improve in the same way.
In my room, with my rear-ported speakers, placing the panels behind the speakers alone can improve clarity a little, but not as noticeable as placing them to the side 1st reflection point. This might be different in other rooms and with other loudspeakers (directivity will play a role, for example dipole speakers could benefit a lot with absorption on the wall behind them).
III. Frequency and Time Domain Together
Finally, let's put the frequency and time domains together in a chart/plot. Let's compare the spectrograms without panels and with both GIK+Mittzon:
IV. The "cherry on top" - room correction DSP at main listening position
As I discussed a few years back when talking about my sound room, once I've arranged the physical set-up, I'll apply DSP room correction to achieve my intended, typically more neutral, tonality. In my multichannel system, Dirac Live Bass Control has been working well for me (very unfortunate that Dirac ART doesn't seem to be coming to current Onkyo/Integra platforms ๐คจ). I'll typically use the Dolby Atmos Music Target Curve as my standard listening target consistent with the company's recommendations for Atmos/Spatial music.
So, is this audible?
You betcha this is significant ladies and gentlemen, even before DSP!
The price for these panels I'm using is around $230*2 for the IKEA Mittzons + $199*2 for the GIK FreeStands - total US$858 + taxes (plus the price of the DSP if you don't already have that feature). At less than US$1k, it's not a lot of money considering the price of many other things in the audiophile world.
It should be obvious that this kind of measurable change is well beyond differences between hi-fi DACs or in many instances hi-fi amplifiers. This is almost infinitely more meaningful than the difference between bit-perfect streamers (which is basically nothing unless there's DSP being applied by the device) or the negligible effect of audio cables. Unless proven otherwise, I would be very suspicious of often expensive "tweaks" like these, or bizarre ones like this.
The point is, guys and gals, if you want to spend some money to verifiably make a significant difference to sound quality, make sure to look deeply into your sound room: the arrangement, and room treatments. Fidelity gains hit a wall of diminishing returns very quickly given the capabilities of fairly priced hi-fi consumer electronics these days like DACs and Class D amps. I think it's simply wise to be aware of that and act on this fact.
As for the IKEA Mittzon standing panels, well, they work. Even without playing music or running sweeps, the hand-clap-in-room-test shows noticeable reduction in reverb time which can be quantified as about a 12% reduction in Topt with just a pair of GIK panels from an untreated 490ms to 430ms, and then a further 16% reduction from 430ms to 360ms peak when I bring the pair of Mittzons in. This is a total of around 25% reduction in peak Topt measure of reverb time. Beyond the single numbers, the decay time is more consistent across the frequencies (especially midrange). This in turn translates to improved resolution with tighter transients, better clarity, and spatial imaging.
As with most things in life, we could overdo room correction for 2-channel stereo systems I suppose if the room is perceived as too "dead", or uncomfortably anechoic, often quantified as RT60 <200ms in an average to moderate sized room; clearly I'm not at risk.
[With multichannel playback of music and soundtracks, it's better to aim for lower room reverb since the rear channels already contain the spatial surround content. The listener is going to be bathed in the sound from multiple directions so we're not as at risk of feeling the space being devoid of natural/smooth sonic decay.
For professional mixing studios, recommended RT60 is typically 200-400ms.
One more thing, a low reverb time doesn't necessarily benefit every recording. For example, some genres like modern pop and electronica benefit from the reduced "smearing" of fast tempo, dense rhythms, precise synth "plucks". On the other hand, for some acoustic, choral music and orchestral tracks, higher RT60 might add warmth and sense of space with the room reverb; lower isn't always necessarily better, subjectively at least.]
We can see that a change in room acoustics also can affect the frequency response. Indeed, room acoustics affect tonality and "coloration" of the sound. With up to 2dB variance especially in the very important midrange frequencies, I'll remeasure the room to optimize my Dirac Live filters.
The one issue I have with the IKEA Mittzon is that it comes only in "Gunnared beige". I can't fault them for choosing the lighter color as a kind of "neutral" that could work in many brighter work spaces. A darker color would be more fitting for most sound/movie rooms, I suspect. Since the outer cover can be removed for cleaning, I wonder if IKEA or a third party might want to sell alternate colored covers - black, blue, red, lighter and darker options would be nice for customers to better match their space. Alternatively, I suppose one could be crafty and use acoustically transparent decorative fabric to make a form-fitting outer layer.
Let me know if you're aware of any options to easily change the appearance of these Mittzon panel.
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Let's end with some music from The Cranberries' 1993 album Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can't We?. Recently, the 2026 25th Anniversary Deluxe Remaster was released with new mixes by the original producer Stephen Street. Also available in multichannel/Atmos (stereo DR8, multichannel DR14) worth checking out on streaming services like Apple Music.
It's nice to hear remasters and remixes of older material like this where improvements have been made to clarity, dynamic range (improved percussion), and an expanded sound stage with more subtle depth. They didn't go overboard with the surround effects so while there's better envelopment and more defined instrument/vocal placement, this new mix IMO is still very much in the spirit of the original presentation.
Here's "Dreams":
As always, I hope you're enjoying some great music, audiophiles.
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Hi Archimago,
ReplyDeleteThank you for sharing your experience with IKEA Mittzon's. I'm wondering what has guided your choice of them over extra absorbers by GIK. From comparing the absorption graphs, GIK panels are more efficient below about 650 Hz. Were you trying to straighten your reverb time by targeting freqs > 500 Hz specifically? Or did you just prefer their stability since you are not mounting them on the wall?
On the ETC graph—it would also be useful to look with better definition at the first 20 ms and work on hammering down early reflections so that they are at least 15 dB below the initial pulse. By looking at the current graphs, the early reflections seem to be a bit high.
And on the reverb graph—there is that sudden notch at about 180 Hz—it looks like you are having a cancellation, but since you were using L+R sweep, it's unclear whether it is due to cancellation between the speakers, or whether it is sound boundary condition (SBIR) that affects each speaker and ideally should be treated with bass traps. Note that even when Dirac Live Bass Control was engaged to smooth out the frequency response drop at 180 Hz, the T_opt decay notch remained completely unchanged.
Thanks Mikhail for the feedback!
DeleteYeah, the reason to try the Mittzons is mainly because I was curious about these easily-accessible products and they were ready to pick up from the store 10 minutes away so I think if they worked well, it'd be nice to show the effect.
I bought the GIK panels years ago when I did some work near the Canada-US border and it was easy for me to take the minivan down to the US to pick up. These days, I don't go to the US nearly as much due to work changes and other reasons.
I'll zoom into the ETC a bit more into that first 20ms and have a look. There are a combination of causes from the last time I checked - floor reflections which can still be dampened more with thicker rug, and also that ottoman in front of the listening position. Usually when I listen more critically, I'll remove that ottoman/coffee table; a definite effect not having something like a coffee table in front.
The 180Hz notch is an interesting one and an artifact of turning off Dirac Live. Typically, I depend on Dirac to set sub crossover down around 70Hz so that cancellation up at 180Hz is not an issue. In reality, the non-DSP frequency responses shown here are not optimized and if I didn't have Dirac/Acourate/Audiolens, I would not set my subs like this. My main intent was to show that DSP activation didn't change the time-domain measurements like Topt in the frequencies that these absorption panels operate at, yet the frequency effects are obvious.
250 USD is 'inexpensive' for a simple floor stand panel? Nope, it IS expensive, and even more so when coming from Ikea.
ReplyDeleteI dunno Tech,
DeleteI agree it's not an amazingly cheap deal but it'd accessible for everyone. As a simple thing that I can set-up and have working in less than an hour, it's certainly "cheap" compared to lots and lots of other stuff that make no difference!
If I didn't have the glass/wood cabinet on the side, I'd save some money and put up mounted panels rather than these floor stand ones. Nice thing about these of course is that I can easily move them around.
I see things like $30 Floor Stand For Acoustic Panels which I suppose one could make but that's not including the panels themselves which for good ones would I think be another $100 each when factoring in things like shipping and tax.
Gotta say, Arch, articles like this are precisely the reason why you are orders of magnitude better than lamoid a-hole pseudo-journalists like Fremer & Austin. Anywhere you can, you validate all of your assertions with measurements and do them extensively. It’s fantastic and truly needed.
ReplyDeleteOnto the subject at hand, I’ve mentioned this a few times before, but better results can be obtained with a combination of sound absorbing blankets that are obscured from view by thick curtains. This combination offers two different types of absorption.
The first type of absorption is the sound absorbing blanket which is, ideally, suspended an inch or so from the wall. The reason why this it absorbs low bass incredibly well is because it’s hanging as a singular unit that large low bass waves react with like they’re punching a pillow. The standard size is a little over 6 feet wide and 7 feet tall. Doubling them up with one about an inch from the wall and a second one hung an inch out from that offers a level of low bass absorption that cannot be found using foam or any other material.
The other great aspect of sound absorbing blankets is that they are ridiculously inexpensive. Check it out:
https://www.vevor.com/moving-blankets-c_11895/vevor-2-pcs-sound-dampening-blankets-soundproof-curtains-with-96-x-80-in-soundproof-blanket-with-grommets-studio-grommeted-blanket-for-window-door-light-blocker-music-recording-black-p_010721525430?adp=gmc&srsltid=AfmBOopY_rQmfCfzknePaGdkStV4B55lP058HjZAcGR96WvaXT63Ha2MP18
I mean, come on, two of them are less than 60 bucks and they’re really big.
The other aspect is that, because the sound of absorbing blankets aren’t that attractive, you then cover them up with some very nice looking thick curtains. You scrunch the curtains up accordion style and they absorb a ton of mid range and high frequency energy as well as absorb a decent amount of bass.
Using this strategy, your padding out your walls with about 6 inches worth of material that is around 1/5 the cost of foam or other treatments and more effective. It allows you to create a LEDE room that has no bass modes in it.
So, for around $500, you can treat 75% of the wall space in the front end of your room and totally eliminate any audible reflections from around your main speakers.
I’m speaking about this from experience having done it a couple of different ways in a couple of different locations. The method of sound absorbing blankets and curtains is far more effective and much easier on your wallet. And it looks better.
The end result is an incredibly wide sound page with precise imaging and a very pleasant ambience coming from behind the listening position. This works out even better if you have something that stops your rear wall from being a flat reflecting surface. In my case, I have three double door closet that I leave somewhat open so the doors reflect large waves at angles and three big, open racks filled with CDs and DVDs.
In this particular design, you have to use your ears rather than measurements because an omni microphone will give you a much higher RT60 for the room than what you’ll be hearing facing towards the main speakers.
Funny story: I once wrote Siegfried Linkwitz about doing this and he told me that he preferred the end with the speakers to be the live end and the end behind his listening position to be the dead end.
Hi Jeffrey,
DeleteThanks for sharing the story. I think, the position of Linkwitz is reasonable if we consider his goals and the approach. Linkwitz preferred and designed himself a lot of open-baffle dipole speaker models that have controlled figure-8 radiation pattern with deep acoustic nulls at the sides. This makes it very easy to position them to avoid strong early reflections from sidewalls natively without any treatment. However, they radiate just as much energy out the back as the front. Linkwitz wanted a "live" front wall because dipoles rely on that rear-firing wave reflecting off the wall (delayed by at least 5–6 ms) to create their a spacious, deep soundstage. Furthermore, because front-to-back cancellation makes dipoles inherently inefficient, over-deadening the room forces you to push the drivers much harder to achieve a satisfying volume, drastically increasing excursion distortion. Traditional box speakers (monopoles) behave completely differently. They are much more efficient because the rear wave is trapped in the box, but they radiate omnidirectionally in the lower mids and bass, throwing energy everywhere. They need heavy absorption on nearby boundaries to clean up early reflections.
And on DIY absorbers, I personally prefer manufactured solutions because somebody had actually tested their resulting absorption (which is not trivial to do) and hopefully achieved an optimal balance. The fundamental problem with porous absorbers, such as the sound absorbing blankets you mention, is that they do not absorb low frequencies well unless they are incredibly thick. Note that hanging them just an inch from the wall does not improve this ability; you really need to place them at a quarter-wavelength distance where the particle velocity is highest, and for bass waves, that's much more than 1 inch. You can't just solve this by making the material denser, either—if you make a material too dense, it becomes an acoustic obstacle with too much flow resistance, and sound waves will start reflecting off of it rather than being absorbed. Factory-made bass traps solve this by achieving the optimal balance of density and sheer thickness, or by incorporating resonant membranes inside them that trap bass in a fraction of the space.
DeleteArch, have you considered the effect of that large area of glass and its effects. About DIY absorbers, it's inexpensive enough that even if it is suboptimal, its better than nothing if you are unable to afford the "engineered" version.....hoping that it is indeed engineered. The first set of QRD diffusors I purchased was engineered improperly, I did not know it at the time.
DeleteA great resource for those considering diffusors. https://www.subwoofer-builder.com/design/
Here is something that is stated but you see this mistake committed over and over again. "Single panels are of use, but QRDs are meant to be used in arrays of multiple panels..."
Since this article was written we now have 3D printers. It is possible to create your own Fractal type diffusor by creating the smaller wells by 3D printing it. Yeah...working on it.
The other room treatment device is a BAD Binary Amplitude Diffusor. A hybrid absorber diffusor, which is becoming more common nowadays. Here Gemini and ChatGPT can do the calculations for you if you are so inclined.
Hey guys, great discussions.
DeleteJeffrey - interesting proposition with the sound absorption curtains+blankets idea. The price is certainly very reasonable for these and if you have another "build" coming up, make sure to run some before and after measurements! Would love to see what can be achieved.
The last time I heard the Linkwitz speakers they were at the Pacific Audio Fest 2022 and indeed the room was pretty untreated up front as you can see in the pictures; speakers were of course pulled out a few feet from the front wall.
Mikhail - nice discussion. Clearly you've looked into this over the years with your work. Yeah, indeed when it comes to the material density, there's clearly a point of not just diminished, but even negative returns. (As per the Panel Depth vs. Lowest Effective Frequency graph.)
Mike - thanks for bringing up the hybrid absorber/diffusors in use these days along with the QRD diffusor designs. And those BAD panels look really cool also.